I think Bjoern Gumboldt gave some great references when he answered your topic on “how best to learn foreign words” in the post here below Perhaps especially the one titled “what-is-the-best-approach-to-learn-new-vocabulary-of-a-second-language-using-a-palace-of-memory”
I’m not aware of many methods, but if you want strict access to the words, a memory palace sounds like a good way for that.
And I quite like moo 's examples here as well, on how to memorize 5000 French words. That links well to your specific alphabetical goal in term of ways to set it up and analyze them.
Perhaps especially the one titled “what-is-the-best-approach-to-learn-new-vocabulary-of-a-second-language-using-a-palace-of-memory”